DESTINATION
Sicily
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"beautifully written narrative seasoned with wit and perception"
Editor's Picks: a handful of favourite things to see
1. Fonte Ciane, near Syracuse, just west of the city itself.
To get there, leave town on the road signed for Canciattini. Then fork left onto a narrow lane called Traversa Cozzo Pantano. The Fonte Ciane is at the end of this lane (follow signs to Villa dei Papiri).
The Ciane river meets the sea just south of the city of Syracuse. It is a very short and very narrow river, little more than a brook, winding slowly from its source among papyrus pools and orange groves, in a rather strange landscape of wire fences and barred gates and barking dogs.
I have never seen papyrus growing wild before. In Europe it grows only here, and along another Sicilian river, the Fiumefreddo. The spring at Fonte Ciane takes the form of a reed-fringed pool beside a stand of tall eucalyptus trees. A wooden walkway takes you out over the water so that you can examine the papyrus plants from close quarters. Their stems are extremely tough and cannot be broken without a knife (but don’t experiment—there are signs warning you not to damage the plants). You can also spend long minutes trying to spot the frogs. They make a great din, croaking and puffing out their cheek sacs, but as soon as they hear you approach they fall silent, and locating them can be frustratingly difficult.
The spring takes its name from the Greek word for azure and also from the story of the nymph Cyane, who attempted to prevent Hades from carrying off Persephone and was changed into a fount of water, condemned to everlasting weeping.
- Papyrus plants at Fonte Ciane.
- The pool itself.
- A lizard, green when it emerged from the foliage.
- The same lizard, paler and greyer after a few moments resting on the wooden handrail.
- Two frogs.
Thanks to Wendy Hennessy for supplying the identity of the lizard (Lacerta viridis). They can grow up to 30cm long, excluding the tail. This one was nothing like that length. Reptile enthusiasts can find out more about the species here: www.reptilia.dk/Krybdyr_vi_holder_nu/Oegler/Lacerta_viridis/lacertaviridis.htm. If anyone can identify the frogs, please send a message to editorial@blueguides.com.
2. Syracuse: where the sun always shines
It was Cicero who said that Syracuse knows no day without sun. Certainly when I have been there I have found nothing to prove him wrong. It is a wonderful place, with many layers of history--you can easily spend a few days here. It was founded in the 8th century BC by settlers from Corinth in mainland Greece and rose to great power under its ruler Dionysius the Elder in the 5th century BC. Under the Romans it was peaceful and prosperous and acquired an amphitheatre. St Paul came here and is said to have preached in its great stone quarries. Syracuse was the birthplace of Archimedes and is now home dedicated to his inventions, appropriately sited in Piazza Archimede (and covered in the new edition of Blue Guide).
The cathedral (duomo) of Syracuse is one of the most extraordinary sights in Italy: a Doric temple of 14 by 6 columns, built in 480 BC by the ruler Gelon, to celebrate victory over the Carthaginians and dedicated to Athena. The closed by a modern curtain wall and obscured in front by a Baroque façade, that temple's colonnade is fully discernible today. The interior is one of the most atmospheric I know. The picture here shows a view down the south aisle.
The other picture, an oil-painting, in the chapel at the head of the south aisle, shows Bishop Zosimus with the IHS mongram on his chasuble. It was Zosimus who converted the ruined Temple of Athena into a cathedral. The work is attributed to Antonello da Messina, the great 15th-century Sicilian artist credited with introducing oil painting to Italy.
- Interior of the cavern, showing its proportions relative to the human figure.
- Side wall of the cavern, covered with the scrape-marks of slaves' chisels.
A famous feature of Syracuse are her ancient stone quarries, known as latomies. These were no ordinary quarries. In ancient times they were also used as internment camps for prisoners and cohorts of slaves were kept here in uncompromising conditions, chipping away at the rock to carve out perfect blocks of exactly one cubit. The best-known of the latomies is the so-called Ear of Dionysius, a tall cave entered by a narrow, man-made slit in the rockface, and extending backwards and backwards into the gloom. Once your eyes have got used to the dim light, you will see that every inch of wall surface is striated with the marks of the slaves' chisels. The name of the cave was coined by Caravaggio, because of its particular acoustic properties: it amplifies every sound, giving back a single eerie echo.
3. The Temple of Olympian Zeus
To get there, take the Via Elorina. Cross the Anapo river, then the Ciane, and then look out for brown signs taking you left to the Tempio di Giove Olimpico.
Just outside Syracuse to the south stand two forlorn columns, in a field of wild flowers next to a horse farm where sad-looking sway-backed horses canter up and down behind a wire fence. It is a very ancient temple, dating from the 6th century BC, and occupied a strategic spot much beloved of would-be besiegers of the town. As the picture below shows, there is a superb view of Ortigia (the old city) from the temple platform.
4. Pantelleria: the donkeys that were saved from extinction
The island of Pantelleria lies over 100km from Sicily, in fact it is closer to Tunisia. It is famous for its delicious capers and its wines, for having been the island home of the nymph Calypso, with whom Odysseus dallied on his way back to Ithaca, and for having a longish roster of celebrity residents, among them Gérard Depardieu. It is served by boat (seas permitting) from Trapani. What is less well known is that it is also the home of a hardy breed of donkey:
- Photo: Azienda Regionale Foreste Demaniali, Pietro Alfonso
According to Ellen Grady, author of Blue Guide Sicily, the Pantelleria ass is a kind of donkey native to the island, where it has been used since the 1st century BC. It's very big (the size of a pony), very strong, with a smooth, shiny black pelt. Very fast moving, sure-footed on the mountain tracks. It became extinct 20 years ago because people weren't using them any more and the last one slipped into the sea and drowned. The exciting news is that the forestry technicians at the San Matteo stud farm at Erice have been able to recreate the donkey, using Jurassic Park-style procedures (taking genes from donkeys throughout Italy which had this particular donkey in their ancestry). It has taken them 17 years, but recently the first four Pantelleria asses were shipped to their island, where they will be used for tourism (trekking around the volcanoes).
The stud farm itself, San Matteo on the Sicilian mainland, is reached from the hilltop town of Erice by taking the Raganzili road. It's also an agricultural museum. More info (in Italian) on the following website: www.ilportaledelcavallo.it/articolo.asp
INDEXES
To give a feel for the depth of information available in our books, we reproduce here in full the indexes of some of our Blue Guides.
Explanatory or more detailed references (where there are many), or references to places where an artist’s work is best represented, are given in bold. Numbers in italics are picture references. Dates are given for all artists, architects and sculptors. Ancient names are rendered in italics, as are works of art.
A
Acate 302
Aci Castello 406
Acireale 404, 405
Acitrezza 406
Acquaviva Platani 234
Acquedolci 459
Addaura Caves 66; (finds from) 59
Adelaide, wife of Roger I 230, 240, 268, 279,
455, 459
Adrano 398; (finds from) 336
Adranone, Mt 208
Aegadian Islands 166ff
Aeneas, legends concerning 132, 133, 136
Aeolian Islands 461ff
Aeschylus, playwright 237, 320, 341, 377,
395
Agatha, St 389, 390; (relics of) 381
Agathocles 10, 83, 88, 136, 160, 239, 321,
426
Agathyrnum, ancient city 456
Agira 272
Agirigento 182ff; (finds from) 336
Archaeological Museum 191
Casa Barbadoro 198
Duomo 200
Hellenistic and Roman district 196
Kolymbetra Garden 191
Living Museum of the Almond Tree 198
Museo Civico 199
Oratory of Phalaris 195
Pezzino Necropolis 199
San Biagio 197
San Nicola 195
Sanctuary of Asclepius 198
Sanctuary of Demeter 197
Agrigento contd
Sanctuary of the Chthonic Divinities 191
Santa Maria dei Greci 200
Temple of Castor and Pollux 191
Temple of Concord 187
Temple of Hephaistos 198
Temple of Hera 186
Temple of Herakles 188
Temple of Olympian Zeus 189, 193
Tomb of Theron 198
Villa Aurea 188
Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius 449
Aidone 268
Akragas 9, 10, 11 (see also Agrigento)
Akrai, ancient city 356, 358; (finds from)
336
Albanian colonies 101
Alberti, Antonio (1600–49) 303
Alberto Maria, Fra’ (18C) 290
Alcamo 139
Alcantara valley 408
Alcara Li Fusi 459
Alcibiades 384
Alessi, Giuseppe (18C) 353
Alfonso the Magnanimous 14, 387
Alě, Luciano (1736–1820) 323
Alě, Salvatore (son of Luciano; 1767–c.1820)
297
Alia 85
Alibrandi, Girolamo (1470–1524) 399, 400,
432, 464
Alicudi, island of 468
Alě Terme 448
Almeyda, Giuseppe Damiani (1834–1911)
25, 61, 84, 167
Altesina, Mt 271
Alvino, Giuseppe (il Sozzo; 1550–1611) 49
Amato, Andrea (active 1720–35) 383, 413
Amato, Antonino (father of Andrea; active
1697–1717) 383, 386
Amato, Giacomo (1643–1732) 15, 42, 44, 49
Amato, Paolo (1634–1714) 24, 29, 44, 54,
104, 165
Ambrogio da Como (15C) 90
Ameselon, ancient city 273
Amestratus, ancient town 460
Amico, Giovanni Biagio (1684–1754) 51, 52,
121, 122, 123, 130, 142, 216
Anapo valley 360
Andrault, Michel (b. 1926) 338
Andrea da Salerno (Andrea Sabatini; 1480–
1530) 48
Andromachus, ruler of Taormina 435
Angell, Samuel 155
Angevins 14, 69, 279
Antonello da Messina (c. 1430–79) 15, 48,
92, 93, 327, 328, 432, 436
Antonello de Saliba (1466–1535) 92, 391,
436, 450, 452, 455
Antonio da Messina (18C) 105
Arabs 13, 19, 23, 153, 218, 232, 235, 240,
253, 271, 285, 299, 321, 347, 356, 408,
416, 426, 435, 459
Aragona 212
Aragonese 14
Aragonese tombs 381
Archifel, Vincenzo (active 1486–1533) 411
Archimedes 11, 125, 329, 330
Archonides 461
Arethusa, nymph 327
Asinaro, river 354
Assoro 271
Athens, Athenians 10, 127, 136, 138, 320,
342, 346, 369, 384, 463
Attilius Regulus, consul 218
Augusta 367
Augustus, emperor 274, 377 (see also
Octavian)
Aulenti, Gae (b. 1927) 92
Ausonians 9
Avola 353
Avola Antica 353
B
Badiazza, La 433
Bagheria 79
Bagnasco, Nicola (18–19C) 101, 272
Balate, Mt 233
Balla, Giacomo (1871–1958) 124
Baragli, Giacomo (1934–89) 150
Barbarossa, Kheir ed-Din 454, 463
Barcellona-Pozzo di Gotto 450
Barisano da Trani (active 1175–85) 72
Baroque architecture 296
Barrafranca 263
Bartholomew, St 463, 464
Bartlett, W.H. (1809–54) 440
Basile, Ernesto (1857–1932) 16, 61, 65, 139,
152, 200, 216, 249
Basile, Giovanni Battista (father of Ernesto;
1825–91) 61, 405, 412
Battaglia, Antonino (son of Francesco;
18–19C) 385
Battaglia, Francesco (1701–88) 380, 383,
390, 410, 411
Battaglia, Matteo (18C) 290, 291
Bedell Smith, general 347
Belice Valley 163
Belisarius, Byzantine general 13
Bellini, Vincenzo 382, 383, 386; (monument
to) 389; (tomb of) 381
Belmonte Mezzagno 103
Belpasso 399
Benedetto, Silvio (b. 1938) 218
Benefial, Marco (1684–1764) 78
Bentivegna, Filippo (d. 1967) 205
Berenson, Bernard 301, 428
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo (1598–1680) 247
Berrettaro, Bartolomeo (active 1499–1524)
83, 124, 141, 142, 150, 153, 205, 295
Besio, Giacomo (1612–45) 25
Biancavilla 399
Biangiardi, Francesco (19C) 229
Bisacquino 105
Biviere di Cesarň 457
Biviere di Gela 240
Bivona 215
Blanche of Navarre 43, 99, 117, 308
Blunt, Anthony 297
Boldini, Giovanni (1842–1931) 62, 110
Bompensiere 237
Bonagia 133
Bonaiuto da Pisa (14C) 29
Bonaiuto, Natale (active 1781–94) 410, 411,
412
Bonaiuto, Vincenzo (17C) 124
Bonanno da Pisa (12C) 71
Bonellus, rebel 84
Bongiovanni, Giacomo (1772–1859) 412
Borgetto 102
Borremans, Luigi (son of Willem; 18C) 229,
230
Borremans, Willem (1672–1744) 25, 28, 30,
34, 40, 44, 49, 54, 61, 141, 229, 248, 273,
329, 360, 381, 389, 455
Boscarino, Rosario (active 1693–1706) 284
Bourbons 14–15, 16, 23, 51, 66, 70, 106,
119, 348, 438
Brancati, Vitaliano 355
Branciforte family 241, 271, 414
Briggs, Peter (b. 1950) 308
British in Sicily 16, 23
Brolo 455
Bronte 401
Brucoli 368
Brydone, Patrick 383
Buccheri 360
Bufalino, Gesualdo 304
Burgio 209
Burri, Alberto (1915–95) 164
Buscemi 360
Butera 240
Butler, Samuel 139, 169
Byzantine, Byzantines 12–13, 23, 292
C
Cabrera family 117, 285, 292, 295, 300, 308
Caccamo 84
Cagli, Corrado (1910–76) 52, 150
Calabernardo 354
Calamech, Andrea (1524–89) 430, 450
Calanovella family 456
Calascibetta 250
Calatabiano 407
Calatafimi Segesta 139
Calatubo fortress 142
Callot, Jacques (1592–1635) 124
Calogero, St 205
Caltabellotta 208
Caltagirone 408–12, 409
Caltagirone, Michele (1854–1928) 214
Caltanissetta 228–31
Caltavuturo 98
Camilleri, Andrea 201
Camilliani, Camillo (d. 1603) 24, 412, 431,
453
Camilliani, Francesco (father of Camillo;
1530–76) 24
Cammarata 214
Campobello di Licata 217
Campobello di Mazara 161
Campofranco 235
Canalotto, Byzantine village 251
Canicattini Bagni 359
Canicattě 220
Canova, Antonio (1757–1822) 42
Canzoneri, Michele (b. 1944) 91
Capa, Robert 219, 279
Cape Zafferano 82
Capizzi 460
Capodarso 231; (finds from) 249
Capo Milazzo 453
Capo d’Orlando 17, 456
Capo Passero 356
Capo Santa Panagia 364
Capo Tindari 453
Capote, Truman 436
Capri Leone 458
Capuana, Luigi 415
Caracciolo, Luciano (17–18C) 324
Carasi, Costantino (18C) 351
Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi; 1573–
1610) 42, 324, 333, 342, 432
Carini 103
Carnelivari, Matteo (15–16C) 15, 43, 46,
51, 103
Caronia 460
Carracci, Annibale (1555–1619) 79
Carreca, Andrea (1592–1677) 53, 122
Carrera, Giuseppe (active 1608–30) 140
Carthage, Carthaginians 9, 10, 11, 23, 84,
87, 106, 119, 127, 136, 143, 149, 156,
166, 182, 189, 191, 218, 237, 264, 306,
320, 344, 377, 426, 452, 463
Caruso, Bruno (b. 1927) 150, 219
Casale, Roman villa 255–62, 259
Casale 253
Casalvecchio Siculo 447
Cascio, Lorenzo (b. 1940) 207
Cassaro 361
Cassibile 347
Cassibile river 353
Castanea delle Furie 434
Castelbuono 96
Castel di Tusa 460
Castellammare del Golfo 134
Castellano, Italian general 347
Castellazzo, Mt 233
Castello, Bernardo (1557–1629) 55
Castello Eurialo 344
Castello Incantato 205
Castello Manfredonico 234, 234
Castello Maniace 402
Castelluccio (Agrigento) 220; (Caltanissetta)
242; (Syracuse) 353; finds from 287, 334
Castelluzzo 133
Castelmola 445
Casteltermini 214
Castelvetrano 161
Castiglione di Sicilia 403
Castiglione, Warrior of 287
Castronuovo di Sicilia 104
Castroreale 450
Catalano, Antonio il Giovane (1585–1666)
432
Catalano, Antonio il Vecchio (father of il
Giovane; 16–17C) 410, 432
Catania 12, 15, 376ff
Botanical Garden 391
Cappella Bonajuto 387
Casa Verga 384
Castello Ursino 385
Collegiata 387, 388
Diocesan Museum 380
Duomo 380
Galleria d’Arte Moderna 387
Gesuiti 382
Herborarium Museum 382
Le Ciminiere 392
Museo Bellini 382
Museo Civico 385
Museo del Mare 392
Museo Emilio Greco 382
Odeon 384
Palazzo Biscari 386
Palazzo delle Scienze 391
Piazza Duomo 377
Piazza Giovanni Verga 391
Piazza Mazzini 385
Roman amphitheatre 389
Roman baths 383
S. Agata alla Badia 386
S. Agata la Vetere 390
S. Benedetto 382
S. Biagio 389
S. Domenico 390
S. Francesco 382
S. Gaetano alle Grotte 391
S. Giuliano 382
S. Maria dell’Aiuto 385
S. Maria di Gesů 391
S. Maria dell’Indirizzo 386
S. Maria della Rotonda 384
S. Michele Arcangelo ai Minoriti 387
S. Nicolň l’Arena 382
S. Placido 386
Santo Carcere 389
Teatro Massimo Bellini 386
Teatro Romano 384
Terme Achilliane 380
Terme dell’Indirizzo 386
University 387
Via Etnea 387
Via Manzoni 389
Villa Bellini 391
Catenanuova 276
Cathald, St 236, 247, 280
Catti, Michele (1855–1914) 52
Cattolica Eraclea 211
Catulus, Lutatius 119, 127, 166
Cava d’Aliga 299
Cava Grande del Cassibile 353
Cava d’Ispica 300; (finds from) 294
Cava di Spampinato 364
Cave di Cusa 161
Cavour, Camillo 16
Cecco di Naro (active 1377–80) 43, 47, 218
Cefalŕ Diana 104
Cefalů 88, 89
Centuripe 274; (finds from) 336; (vases of
Centuripe type) 275, 275, 249
Cerami 280
Cesare da Sesto Calende (16C) 390
Cesarň 460
Chachyrylion, vase painter 336
Chalcis, Chalcidians 9, 369, 377, 426
Charlemagne 456
Charles I of Anjou 14, 23, 70, 274
Charles V 34, 43, 51, 119, 202, 453; (statue
of) 29
Chiaramonte family 32, 63, 84, 232, 233,
234, 285, 292, 308
Chiaramonte Gulfi 308
Chirico, Angelo de (16C) 391
Chirico, Giorgio de (1888–1978) 78
Chocolate 295
Churchill, Winston 340, 436, 438, 440
Ciaculli 70
Ciccia, Mt 434
Cicero 11, 143, 149, 188, 189, 317, 322,
413
Cidonio, Narciso (16–17C) 303
Ciminna 104
Ciotti, Rosa (18C) 251
Cirnechi dogs 258, 398
Ciullo d’Alcamo 140
Civiletti, Benedetto (1845–99) 52, 293, 298
Cleon of Agrigento 250
Cofano, Mt 133
Colicci, Filippo (18C) 451
Collesano 96
Colonna, Vittoria 301; (remains of) 301
Coltelli, Procopio 491
Comiso 303
Comitini 212
Conca, Sebastiano (1680–1764) 25, 49, 56,
284, 298, 352, 353
Consagra, Pietro (1920–2005) 155, 164, 460
Constance, mother of Frederick II 14, 29,
428; (tomb of) 31
Constans II, emperor 321, 332
Contessa Entellina 105
Contini, Giovanni Battista (1641–1723) 383
Coppola, Francis Ford 446, 447
Cordio, Nino (1937–2000) 164
Cordona, Emanuele (18C) 30
Corinth, Corinthians 9, 10, 306, 320
Corleone 105
Corrado Confalonieri, St 352
Cozzo di Apollo 303
Cozzo Matrice 253
Crescenzio, Antonello (1467–1542) 45, 48
Cretan colonists 237
Crimissus river 10, 163
Cristadoro, Giuseppe (1711–1808) 290
Crowley, Aleister 88
Csontváry, Tivadar Kosztka (1853–1919)
440
Cubuli 235
Cuccia, Tanina (b. 1964) 101
Custonaci 133
Cutraro, Carmelo (18–19C) 289
Cyane, nymph 346
Cyclops, legend of 169, 406
D
Daedalus 182, 192, 210
Damokopos, Athenian architect 341
D’Anna, Vito (1718–69) 25, 41, 77, 219,
289, 290, 298, 299, 357, 414
Dante 140
D’Antoni, Andrea (1811–68) 101
D’Asaro, Pietro (1591–1647) 49, 219, 232,
235
D’Aversa, Paolo (14C) 254
Dea di Morgantina 268, 270
Delia 231 (for the church, see Santissima Trinitŕ
di Delia)
De Lisi, Benedetto (1830–75) 53, 68
Della Bella, Stefano (1610–64) 124
Della Valle, Filippo (1698–1768) 327
Del Piano, Donato, organmaker 254, 302,
353, 383, 415
De Maria Bergler, Ettore (1850–1938) 52
Demeter, goddess 246, 252
Demosthenes, Athenian general 347
De Ruyter, Dutch captain 367
Diodorus Siculus 87, 123, 143, 210, 250,
272
Dionysius I, tyrant of Syracuse 10, 143, 246,
320, 342, 344, 345, 377, 398, 403, 435,
444, 454
Dionysius II 10, 320
Disueri, Mt, necropolis 242
Dolci, Danilo 102
Donnafugata, Castello di 307
Donnalucata 299
Doreius, Spartan leader 10
Douris, vase painter 59, 336
Drago, Giulio (19C) 167
Dragut, corsair 217
Dryden, John 435
Ducetius, Sicel leader 10, 231, 236, 264,
347, 352, 415, 460
Ducrot, furniture makers 65
Dufourny, Léon (1754–1818) 50
Dumontier, Louis-Alexandre (18C) 323, 368
Dupré, Giovanni (1817–82) 119
Durrell, Lawrence 105
Durrueli, Roman villa 211
Dusmet, Bl. Giuseppe Benedetto 381;
(monument to) 382
Dyck, Sir Anthony van (1599–1641) 49, 54
E
Edward VII, king 435
Eloro (see Heloros)
Elymians 9, 105, 127, 134, 136, 165
Empedocles 201, 395
Enna 246–50
Epicharmus, ancient poet 341
Erice 126; (finds from) 124
Etna, Mt 393ff
Euboea 9, 377
Eunus, rebel slave 246, 250
Euphemius, Byzantine governor 13, 153
Eupolemos, Treasure of 269, 269
Euthymides painter 270
F
Fagan, Robert 155, 454
Falconara 240
Falcone, Giovanni 17, 51, 61
Faraglioni del Ciclope 406
Fata Morgana 433
Favara 220
Favignana, island of 166
Fazello, Tommaso 155, 306
Felice da Sambuca, Fra’ (Felice da Palermo;
1733–1805) 105, 200, 208, 217, 230,
449, 450
Ferdinand II of Aragon 241
Ferla 361
Ferraro, Antonino (active 1552–98) 95, 162
Ferraro, Nunzio (16C) 79
Ferraro, Orazio (son of Antonino; active
1573–1650) 78, 162, 204
Ferraro, Tommaso (son of Antonino; 16C)
162
Ferrera, Marella 269, 386
Ferretti, Mario (1915–74) 348, 356
Festa, Tano (1938–88) 460
Fichera, Francesco (1881–1950) 16, 322
Ficuzza 103
Filicudi, island of 468
Fiumara d’Arte 460
Fiume, Salvatore (1915–97) 303
Fiumedinisi 448
Fiumefreddo 407
Floresta 457
Floridia 364
Florio family 68, 69, 110, 149, 152, 166,
167, 496
Fontane Bianche 347
Fonte Ciane 252, 346
Forza d’Agrň 446
Fracanzano, Cesare (1605–51) 49
Francavilla di Sicilia 403; (finds from) 336
Francofonte 370
Franzese, Gaetano (18C) 100
Frazzanň 458
Frederick II of Hohenstaufen 14, 23, 29,
63, 90, 102, 105, 140, 206, 215, 232, 237,
250, 274, 328, 367, 377, 385, 403, 453;
tomb of 31
Frederick II of Aragon 249, 253, 399, 406,
449, 450, 451, 456
Frederick III of Aragon 123, 127
Freri, Antonello (active 1479–1513) 381,
450
Fuga, Ferdinando (1699–1782) 30
Fumagalli, Gaspare (active 1735–85) 101
Furetto, Orazio (1714–85) 65
G
Gabrieli, Onofrio (1616–1706) 329, 400
Gagini, Antonello (1478–1536) 15, 25, 31,
32, 33, 40, 41, 45, 47, 50, 53, 78, 85, 91,
122, 124, 128, 129, 130, 140, 141, 142,
150, 153, 154, 162, 165, 208, 277, 278,
304, 349, 360, 390, 391, 400, 401, 412,
428, 449, 450, 451
Gagini, Antonino (son of Antonello; active
1537–81) 41, 52, 124, 130, 142, 149, 150,
205, 294
Gagini, Antonuzzo (son of Gian Domenico;
active 1576–1606) 411
Gagini, Domenico (father of Antonello; c.
1420–92) 15, 31, 41, 42, 59, 95, 98, 128,
150, 154, 165, 199, 216, 247, 329, 410
Gagini, Fazio (son of Antonello; 1520–67)
33, 72
Gagini, Giacomo (son of Antonello; 1517–98)
140, 141, 142, 150, 205, 401
Gagini, Gian Domenico (brother of Antonello;
c. 1503–67) 72, 99, 100, 205, 248, 272,
411
Gagini, Giovanni (son of Domenico, halfbrother
of Antonello; 1465–1525) 201
Gagini, Nibilio (active 1583–1607) 411
Gagini, Vincenzo (son of Antonello; 1527–
95) 33, 43, 209
Gagliano Castelferrato 279
Gagliardi, Rosario (c. 1690–1762) 243, 289,
303, 333, 348, 349, 350, 351, 410
Gaiseric, Vandal leader 12
Gaius Duilius 452
Galati Mamertino 458
Galimberti, Silvio (1869–1956) 327
Gambara, Antonio (15C) 30
G cont
Gangi 101
Ganzirri 433
Garibaldi 16, 23, 51, 53, 70, 124, 139, 149,
165, 249, 274, 444, 452
Garum 169
Gaspare da Pesaro (15C) 83
Gela 9, 10, 237–40, 246, 306, 408; (finds
from) 192, 195, 336
Gelon, tyrant of Gela 10, 237, 246, 320,
325, 341, 365
George V, king 435, 440
Gianforma, Giuseppe (active 1740–70) 297,
300, 348, 360
Giardini Naxos 444
Giarratana 310
Giarre 407
Gibellina 163
Gibil Gabib 231
Gibilmanna 94
Giganti, Andrea (1731–87) 80, 349
Gigli, Beniamino 386
Gioiosa Marea 455
Giordano, Luca (1634–1705) 49, 54, 55, 200
Giorgio di Faccio (16C) 55
Giorgio da Milano (15C) 54, 96, 460
Giovane di Mozia, Il 145, 145
Giovanni di Bartolo (14C) 381
Giuffrč, Antonio (15C) 436, 452
Giuliano, Salvatore 30, 101, 102, 162
Gloeden, Baron Wilhelm von 435
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 19, 22, 44,
49, 58, 66, 80, 195, 199, 276, 383, 440
Gole dell’Alcantara 408
Gorgias, orator 369
Goro di Gregorio (1275–1334) 429
Goya, Francisco de (1746–1828) 218
Graffeo, Giacomo (d. 1516) 83
Graffeo, Nicolň (brother of Giacomo; d.
1505) 83
Gramignani, Francesco (18C) 387
Grammichele 412; finds from 336
Gramsci, Antonio 106
Grano, Antonino (1660–1718) 28, 44, 55,
60, 142
Gratteri 95
Greco, Emilio (1913–95) 78, 382
Greco, Ignazio (1830–?1910) 64
Greco, Michele 70
Greek colonists in Sicily 9, 87, 264, 274,
444, 463
Gregory the Great, pope 13, 413
Gresti, castle of 253
Grisafi, Nicolň (15C) 46
Grotta dei Ciavoli 212
Grotta del Lauro 459
Grotta Perciata 360
Grotta di San Teodoro 459
Grotta di Scurati 133
Grotta dell’Uzzo 135
Grotte di Caratabia 415
Grotte di Gurfa 85
Guarino, Francesco (18C) 299
Guccione, Piero (b. 1935) 293
Guerci, Dario (19C) 289
Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri;
1591–1666) 79
Guercio, Gaspare (1611–79) 33, 84
Guinaccia, Deodato (c. 1510–85) 449
Gustav, King of Sweden 435
Guttuso, Renato (1912–87) 43, 52, 78, 79,
80, 164, 215, 218
H
Hadranon, ancient city 398
Hadrian, emperor 395
Halaesa, ancient city 461
Halicyae, ancient city 165
Halykos, ancient river 211
Hamilcar, Carthaginian general 84, 87
Hamilcar Barca, Carthaginian general 66,
119, 123, 127
Hannibal 11; Hannibal Gisco 452; Hannibal
Mago 156
Hardcastle, Captain Alexander 188, 197
Hardrada, Harold 402
Harris, William 155
Hauteville, Roger (see Roger I)
Heirkte, ancient city 66
Heloros 354; (finds from) 336
Hennessy Mazza, Wendy 392
Henry VI, emperor 14, 29, 208, 377, 426,
428; (tomb of) 31
Herakleia Minoa 210; (finds from) 194
Herbessos, ancient city 263
Herodotus 87
Hieron I of Syracuse 320, 330
Hieron II of Syracuse 11, 263, 264, 273,
321, 341, 356
Hieronymos, tyrant of Syracuse 369
Hill, Mabel 435
Himera, ancient river 218
Himera 86; (battle of) 10, 87, 325; (finds
from) 56, 58, 83
Himilco, Carthaginian leader 136, 377, 395,
426
Hippana, ancient city 105
Hippocrates, ruler of Gela 237, 369
Hitchens, Robert 435
Hohenstaufen (see Frederick II)
Hood, Alexander 402
Houbraken, Jan van (active 1636–65) 400
Houel, Jean 380
Hybla, ancient settlement 362
Hyblaean Mountains 360, 413
Hybla Heraea, ancient town 285
Hyblon, Sicel king 362, 365
I
Iaitas, ancient city 102
Ingham, Benjamin 149, 153
Innocenzo da Imola (16C) 390
Isnello 95
Isola Ferdinandea 206
Isolotto delle Correnti 356
Ispica 299
Ispicae Fundus 300
Itala 448
Italia, Angelo (1628–1700) 99, 141, 216,
217, 242, 353, 382
Ittar, Stefano (1724–90) 383, 386, 387
J
Jannelli, Filippo (1621–96) 449
Jato, Mt 102
Jews, history and monuments in Sicily 13,
14, 23, 40, 165, 218, 332, 347, 348, 436,
438
Joppolo Giancaxio 212
Jourdain, son of Roger I 228, 340, 449
Judica, Baron Gabriele 357
Julius Caesar 12, 149, 494
Juvarra, Francesco (17–18C) 430
K
Kamarina 306; (finds from) 287, 336
Kamikos, ancient city 208, 212
Kaos 202
Kasmenai, ancient town 360; (finds from)
336
Kaukana, ancient town 305; (finds from) 287
Kesselring, FIeld Marshal 435, 438
Kitson, Robert 435, 438
Klee, Paul (1879–1940) 440
Kleomenes, architect 322
Klimt, Gustav (1862–1918) 440
Kokalos, Sican king 208, 210
Kronio, Mt 205
L
Labisi, Paolo (active 1731–90) 295, 350,
351, 357
Laestrygonian Fields 415
Lago di Ancipa 280
Lago di Lentini 369
Lago di Pergusa 251; (finds from) 249
Lago di Pozzillo 270, 273
Lago Sfondato 233
Lago Soprano 236
La Matina, Diego 43
La Mattina, Nunzio 68
Lamis of Megara 365
Lampedusa, island of 203
Lampione, island of 204
La Pira, Giorgio 301
Laurana, Francesco (active 1458–1500) 15,
33, 41, 47, 85, 98, 163, 165, 204, 278,
329, 351, 358
La Valle, Antonino (1572–1645) 95, 96, 97
La Valle, Raffaele (father of Antonino; 16C)
43, 91, 98
Lawrence, D.H. 385, 435
Lazzara, Gaetano (18C) 28
Lear, Edward 435
Lemon Riviera, the 407
Lentini 369
Leo II, pope 272
Leonforte 270
Leontinoi, ancient city 369, 454; finds from
335
Leopard, The 206, 207
Lercara Friddi 104
Leto, Antonino (1844–1913) 52, 62
Letojanni 446
Levanzo, island of 167
Levi, Carlo 104
Licata 215
Licodia Eubea 414
Lido di Noto 354
Lido di San Gregorio 456
Ligozzi, Jacopo (1547–1626) 254
Lilybaeum 149, 151; (finds from) 58, 145;
(Sibyl of) 152
Linguaglossa 398, 403
Linosa, island of 203
Lipari, island of 463
Liszt, Franz 288
Li Volsi, Francesco (fl. 1621–30) 104
Li Volsi, Giovanni Battista (brother of
Francesco; active 1622–86) 105, 277, 278
Li Volsi, Giuseppe (17C) 95, 458
Li Volsi, Scipione (brother of Francesco; fl.
1621–30) 29, 104
Li Volsi, Stefano (son of Giovanni Battista;
17C) 229
Lombards 240, 253, 254, 268, 276, 280,
451, 459
Lo Monaco, Sebastiano (1730–75) 290, 329
Longane, Sicel town 451
Longi 458
Lo Stagnone lagoon 143
Lo Verde, Giacomo (active 1619–45) 122
Lucy, St 333
Lysippus (4C bc) 58, 294, 328
M
Mabuse (Jan Gossaert; 1478–1537) 48
Macalube volcanoes 212, 213
Maddalena peninsula 346
Madonie Mountains 94
Madonna delle Grazie, sanctuary church of
310
Madonna delle Milizie, church of 298
Mafia 16–17; (museum of) 165
Magnisi peninsula 364
Maktorion, Sicel city 241
Maletto 402
Malvasia wine 469
Mamertines 11, 321, 426
Mancini, Antonio (1852–1930) 52
Mancini, Giacomo (16C) 100
Mancino, Andrea (active 1480–1500) 201
Mancino, Giuliano (16C) 83, 128, 142, 150,
205, 250, 295
Mandralisca, Baron Enrico 92
Maniakes, George 321, 390, 402
Manno, Antonio (1739–1810) 44, 55
Manno, Francesco (brother of Antonio;
1752–1831) 44
Manzů, Giacomo (1908–91) 80
Marabitti, Ignazio (1719–97) 25, 41, 44, 49,
50, 51, 53, 60, 75, 79, 80, 83, 153, 154,
229, 278, 325, 327, 382
Maratta, Carlo (1625–1713) 54
Marcellus, Marcus Claudius 11, 330, 364,
369
Marcian, St 339
Marconi, Pirro 139, 188
Marettimo, island of 169
Mariani, Giuseppe (1681–1731) 78, 140
Marianopoli 232
Maria Santissima di Dinnamare 434
Marina di Cottone 407
Marina di Patti 455
Marina di Ragusa 305
Marinella 155
Marineo 103
Marino, Giovanni Battista 405
Marsala 147
Marsala (wine) 147, 149
Martorana, Gioacchino (1735–79) 34
Marvuglia, Giuseppe Venanzio (1729–1814)
29, 50, 55, 65, 66, 79, 103, 298, 400, 410
Marvuglia, Salvatore (brother of Giuseppe
Venanzio)1735–1802) 52
Marzamemi 355
Mascali 407
Master of Galatina (15C) 48
Master of the Trapani Polyptych (14–15C)
48, 124
Masuccio, Natale (1568–1619) 122, 453
Matera, Giovanni (1635–1718) 124
Matinati, Giovannello (active 1509–48) 401,
410
Matta, Johannes de (16C) 48
Mattanza, La 168
Maupassant, Guy de 22, 212, 338
Maximian, emperor 255
Maxwell, Gavin 135
Mazara del Vallo 14, 153
Mazza, Antonio (1761–1825) 349
Mazzarino 241
Mazzarň 442
Mazzola, Gian Domenico (active 1544–77)
380, 381
Mazzola, Giovanni Battista (father of
Giovanni Battista; active 1513–50) 381,
429
Mazzotta, Americo (b. 1941) 207
Mazzullo, Giuseppe (1913–88) 436
Megara, Greek city 365
Megara Hyblaea 9, 365; (finds from) 335
Melia 446
Melilli 368
Mendola, Carmelo (1895–1976) 391
Menfi 206
Messina, Francesco (1900–95) 392
Messina, Gabriele (son of Vincenzo; 18C)
142
Messina, Vincenzo (1670–1757) 142, 165
Messina 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 24, 250, 425ff
Botanical Gardens 433
Cristo Re 432
Duomo 428
Gesů e Maria del Buonviaggio 431
Immacolata 431
Montalto, church of 433
Museo Regionale 432
Neptune Fountain 431
Orion Fountain 425, 428
Piazza Antonello 431
SS. Annunziata dei Catalani 430
S. Caterina di Valverde 430
S. Giovanni di Malta 431
S. Maria degli Alemanni 430
Viale della Libertŕ 431
Villa Dante 430
Villa Mazzini 431
Mezzojuso 104
Migneco, Giuseppe (1908–97) 456
Milazzo 451
Milena 235
Milici 451
Mili San Pietro 448
Military Cemetery, Canadian 273
Militello in Val di Catania 414
Milton, John 251
Mineo 415
Minissi, Franco (1919–96) 334
Minniti, Mario (1577–1640) 302, 324, 328,
329, 432
Minos, King of Crete 210
Mirabella Imbaccari 412
Miranda, Francesco (15C) 31
Mirko (Mirko Basaldella; 1910–69) 150
Misilmeri, castle of 103
Misterbianco 399
Mistretta 460
Modica 291
Moncada family 228, 229, 274, 356
Mondello 16, 68
Mongiuffi 446
Monreale 70–78, 74, 76
Montagna di Marzo 263
Montalbano Elicona 367, 451
Montalbano, Leonardo (active 1606–53) 49,
249
Montalbano, Salvo, fictional police inspector
201
Montallegro 211
Montedoro 236
Montelepre 102
Monterosso Almo 310
Montevago 207
Monteverde, Giulio (1837–1917) 389
Montorsoli, Giovanni Angelo (1507–63) 15,
428, 431
Morandi, Giorgio (1890–1964) 78
Morelli, Domenico (1826–1901) 52, 62
Morgantina 263–67, 252, 267, 269
Morgetians, ancient people 264
Mosaics 260
Moschetti, Giulio (1847–1909) 329, 387
Motta Sant’Anastasia 399
Motya (see Mozia)
Mozia 9, 143–47, 344; (finds from) 124,
151
Mummification 209
Musarra, Giuliano (16C) 124
Mussolini, Benito 182, 246, 248, 393
Mussomeli 233
Muziano, Girolamo (1528–92) 48
Mycenaeans 8
Mylae, Greek colony 452
Myron, sculptor (5C bc) 198
Mytistraton, ancient city 233
N
Naccherino, Michelangelo (1550–1622) 24
Nagasawa, Hidetoshi (b. 1940) 460
Napoli, Tommaso Maria (1655–1723) 80
Naro 218
Naselli family 303, 304, 305
Naso 457
Nebrodi mountains 280, 456
Nelson, Horatio, Lord 149, 153, 327, 402
Newman, Cardinal John Henry 435
Nicholas V, pope 248
Nicolosi 397
Nicolň da Mineo (1542–1625) 309
Nicolň da Pettineo (15–16C) 83
Nicosia 276
Niger, Bernardino (active 1513–88) 295, 389
Nigrone, Orazio (17C) 162
Nikias, Athenian commander 354, 320, 346,
347
Nikon painter 239
Niobid painter 195
Niscemi 243
Noae, ancient city 451
Nolfo, Antonio (1696–1784) 121
Normans 13–14, 19, 182, 218, 297, 426
Noto 347–51
Noto Antica 352
Noto Marina 354
Novara di Sicilia 451
Novelli, Antonio (1568–1625) 78, 101
Novelli, Pietro (1603–47) 15, 25, 31, 33, 40,
45, 49, 54, 55, 56, 77, 79, 100, 101, 142,
162, 200, 271, 278, 290; bust of 53
Novelli, Pietro Antonio (father of Pietro;
16–17C) 280
O
Octavian (future Augustus) 12
Odazzi, Giovanni (1663–1731) 49
Odoacer 13
Odysseus, myths concerning 134, 169, 171,
406, 469
Ognina, islet 347
Oliva, St 142
Omphake, ancient town 241
Operation Husky (Second World War) 16,
149, 216, 279, 307, 392
Opra dei Pupi 45
Orsi, Paolo 171, 256, 306, 325, 334, 336,
354, 364, 413
Orto Mosaico 310
Ovid 327
P
Pachino 356
Padula, Pietro (18C) 297
Painter of Panaitos 336
Palachorion, Byzantine settlement 447
Paladini, Filippo (1544–1615) 52, 53, 54,
55, 56, 79, 216, 229, 230, 241, 242, 248,
251, 254, 263, 295, 329, 410, 413, 432
Paladino, Letterio (1691–1743) 452
Palagonia 415
Palazzolo Acreide 356; f(inds from) 58
Palermo 13, 14, 16, 19ff
Albergheria district 39
Ballarň market 39
Botanical Garden 50
Capo district 59
Cappella Palatina 35, 36pic
Carmine 40
Cathedral 30
Convento dei Cappuccini 65
Fondazione Mormino 62
Fountain of Shame 24
Galleria di Arte Moderna 51
Gesů 39
Immacolata Concezione 60
Kalsa district 49
La Cala 43
La Cuba 65
La Favorita 66
La Gancia 45
La Loggia 53
La Magione 51
La Martorana 26
La Zisa 62
Mt Pellegrino 66
Museo Archeologico 56
Museo Diocesano 33
Museo Etnografico 66
Museo del Mare 62
Museo delle Marionette 44
Museo del Risorgimento 53
Noviziato dei Gesuiti 60
Oratorio del Rosario 54
Palazzo Abatellis 46
Palazzo Chiaramonte 43
Palermo contd
Palazzo dei Normanni 34
Palazzo Favara 70
Palazzo Mirto 42
Palazzo Riso 29
Porta Carini 60
Quattro Canti 23
S. Agostino 59
S. Anna 51
S. Cataldo 28
S. Cita 53
S. Domenico 52
S. Francesco d’Assisi 41
S. Giorgio dei Genovesi 55
S. Giovanni degli Eremiti 39
S. Giovanni dei Lebbrosi 70
S. Giuseppe dei Teatini 25
S. Ignazio all’Olivella 55
S. Ippolito 60
S. Maria della Pietŕ 44
S. Maria dello Spasimo 50
S. Maria di Valverde 54
S. Quaranta Martire 61
S. Rosalia, sanctuary of 68
S. Salvatore 29
S. Spirito 69
Teatro Massimo 61
Villa Giulia 49
Villa Trabia 62
Villa Whitaker Malfitano 64
Villino Florio 65
Vucciria 52
Palike, Sicel town 415
Palma, Andrea (1644–1730) 29, 54, 324
Palma, Nicolň (grandson of Andrea; 1694–
1779) 40
Palma di Montechiaro 217
Palma Giovane (Jacopo Negretti; c. 1548–
1628) 55
Pampillonia, Giuseppe (1646–1741) 79
Panaetius, tyrant of Leontinoi 369
Panarea, island of 468
Pantalica 361–63; (finds from) 335
Pantelleria, island of 170
Pantelleria ass 133, 170
Papyrus 346, 407; (museum of) 338
Paradiso, Angelo (19–20C) 289
Parat, Pierre (b. 1928) 338
Parco della Forza 300
Parco Jalari 450
Partanna 165
Partinico 102
Pascasius, Roman consul 333
Passopisciaro 402
Patania, Giuseppe (1780–1852) 77, 101, 141
Paternň 399
Patricolo, Giuseppe (1834–1905) 162
Patti 454
Paul, St 321, 339
Peard, J.W. 452
Pelagian Islands 202ff
Pellegrino, Mt 19, 23
Peloritan Mountains 434, 446
Penna, Agostino (18C) 387
Pennino, Filippo (1733–94) 25
Pennino, Giacomo (father of Filippo; 18C)
51, 60
Pepoli, Count Agostino 124, 130
Pergusa lake (see Lago)
Persephone 246, 251, 252, 252
Peter of Aragon 14, 119, 250
Petralia Soprana 100
Petralia Sottana 99
Phaiax, architect (5C bc) 196, 200
Phalaris, tyrant of Akragas 192
Pheidias, sculptor 145
Phelps, Daphne 438
Philip of Syria, St 272
Philosophiana 242, 255; (finds from) 238
Philoxenus of Cythera 345
Phintias, ancient city 216
Phintias, tyrant of Akragas 237
Phoenicians 9, 19, 23, 125, 143, 171
Piana degli Albanesi 101
Piano della Corte 273
Piano Marino 263
Piano Provenzana 398
Piazza Armerina 13, 253–55
Picano, Giuseppe (1716–1800) 274
Piedimonte Etneo 403
Pietraperzia 263
P cont
Pietro da Bonitate (active 1466–1501) 41,
428
Pietro e Paolo d’Agrň, church of 447
Pindar, poet 83, 182, 320, 327, 395
Pineta Ragabo 398
Pino, Marco (1521–83) 48
Pirandello, Fausto (1899–1975) 78, 150, 164
Pirandello, Luigi 202, 215
Pirrone, Giuseppe (1898–1978) 349
Pisano, Nino (active 1349–68) 124
Pisis, Filippo de (1896–1956) 78
Pizzolungo 133
Planeta winery 208
Platania, Giacinto (1612–97) 277, 381
Platani Valley 211
Platen, August von 334
Plato 10, 320
Playa Grande 306
Plemmyrion 346; (shipwreck finds) 338
Pliny 167, 495
Plutia, Lombard town 253, 262
Poggioreale 164
Poidomani, Gaspare (16C) 304
Polidoro da Caravaggio (d. 1546) 48, 273,
428, 432
Polizzi Generosa 98
Polybius 198
Polygnotus, vase painter 336
Pomodoro, Arnaldo (b. 1926) 164, 203
Pomodoro, Giň (brother of Arnaldo; 1930–
2002) 207
Pompey (see Sextus Pompey)
Ponte Capodarso 231
Ponte dei Saraceni 399
Portella della Ginestra 101
Porticello 82
Porto Empedocle 201
Porto Palo 206
Portopalo di Capo Passero 356
Postino, Il 469
Pozzallo 300
Praxiteles, sculptor (4C bc) 154
Preti, Mattia (1613–99) 49
Prizzi 105
Procopius 305
Provenzano, Domenico (1736–94) 219, 233
Publius Rupilius, consul 250
Punta Faro 433
Punta Secca 305
Pyrrhus, king of Epirus 127, 321, 377
Q
Quarantino (see Caltagirone, Michele)
Quartararo, Riccardo (1443–1506) 48
Quasimodo, Salvatore 294, 296
Quattrocchi, Filippo (1734–1818) 360
R
Racalmuto 219
Raddusa 416
Raffadali 212
Ragattisi 143
Ragusa, Giovanni Battista (active 1713–97)
41, 56
Ragusa, Vincenzo (1841–1927) 53
Ragusa Ibla 285, 288
Ragusa Superiore 284, 285
Ramacca 416
Randazzo 400
Randazzo, Filippo (1695–1748) 278
Raphael (Raffaele Sanzio; 1483–1520) 50
Realmese necropolis 251
Realmonte 211
Reati, Giovanni (17C) 329
Reati, Giuseppe (brother of Giovanni; 17C)
329
Regalbuto 273
Regaleali 105
Renda, Giuseppe (1859–1939) 141
Resuttano 232
Rhodian colonists 237
Ribera, Jusepe de (1588–1652) 278
Ricca, Michele (1590–1654) 201
Riccio, Antonello (16C) 150, 430
Riccio, Mariano (father of Antonello; b. 1510)
150
Richard I, Coeur de Lion 426
Riesi 242
Riolo, Vincenzo (1772–1837) 100
Riposto 407
Riviera dei Limoni 407
Rizzo, Pietro (active 1590–1628) 327
Rizzo, Pippo (1897–1964) 52, 62
Robbia, Andrea della 77, 122, 414
Robert Guiscard 13, 23, 458
Roberto di Oderisio (c. 1335–82) 124
Rocca Novara 451
Roccapalumba 86
Roccavaldina 449
Roch, St 241
Rodriguez, Alonso (1578–1648) 432
Rodě 451
Roger I, Count of Sicily 13, 14, 23, 100,
103, 171, 127, 153, 228, 230, 253, 254,
263, 268, 276, 278, 279, 280, 285, 298,
357, 380, 389, 398, 428, 435, 448, 458,
463, 464
Roger II, King of Sicily 14, 23, 27, 35, 39,
88, 90, 91, 305; (mosaic of) 28; (portrait
of) 35–36; (tomb of) 31
Roger of Lauria 403, 406, 456
Romans 11–12, 127, 132, 149, 166, 182,
246, 250, 321, 377
Rosa, Salvator (1615–73) 278
Rosalia, St 68; (relics of) 31; (sanctuary of)
214
Rosolini 356
Rosone, Giovanni (1910–2001) 235
Rossi, Epifano (17C) 411
Rossi, Mariano (1731–1807) 205
Rutelli, Mario (1859–1941) 52, 61, 71, 162,
303
Ruzzolone, Pietro (active 1484–1526) 48,
83, 97, 273, 414
S
Sabucina 231
Sada, Carlo (1809–73) 386, 413
Salaparuta 164
Salemi 165
Salerno, Giuseppe (il Zoppo di Gangi; 1570–
1632) 60, 95, 96, 98, 101, 209
Salina, island of 469
Salso Imera river 218
Salso river 270
Sambuca di Sicilia 207
San Biagio 451
San Cataldo 236
San Cipirello 102
San Corrado di Fuori 351
San Cusumano 133
San Fratello 459
San Fratello horses 133, 457
San Giuliano, Mt, finds from 230
San Giuseppe Jato 102
San Marco d’Alunzio 458
San Martino delle Scale 79
San Matteo Forest Museum 132
San Salvatore di Fitalia 457
Santa Caterina Villarmosa 232
Santa Croce Camerina 304
Sant’Agata di Militello 459
Sant’Alfio 403
Santa Lucia del Mela 449
Santa Margherita di Belice 206
Santa Maria di Focallo 300
Santa Maria la Scala 406
Sant’Angelo Muxaro 212
Santa Ninfa 164
Santa Rosalia, lake of 310
Santissima Trinitŕ di Delia 163
Santoni, reliefs of Cybele 359, 359
Santo Stefano di Camastra 460
Santo Stefano Quisquina 214
San Vito Lo Capo 133
Saracens (see Arabs)
Sarzana, Agostino (16C) 411
Sarzana, Nicolň (1700–86) 85
Savoca 447
Savoja, Leone (1814–85) 430
Scala dei Turchi 211
Scaletta Zanclea 448
Schifano, Mario (1934–98) 78, 164
Sciacca 204
Sciascia, Leonardo 43, 215, 217, 219
Scicli 297
Scifo Forest 450
Scilla, Agostino (1629–1700) 49, 229, 327
Scipio Africanus 149
Scipione di Blasi (16C) 249
Scipione di Guido (active 1587–1604) 248,
381, 411
Sciuti, Giuseppe (1834–1911) 52, 62, 387
Sclafani Bagni 97
Scoglitti 307
Scopello 134
Scordia 414
Scott, Sir Walter 206
Scudo, Gerardo (17C) 52
Scurati 133
Scylla and Charybdis 433
Segesta 10, 127, 135–39, 137, 156
Selinunte 10, 155–61, 158, 365; (finds from)
56, 58, 124
Sellitto, Carlo (1581–1614) 432
Serassi organmakers 290, 295, 389
Serenario, Gaspare (18C) 49, 60
Serpotta, Gaspare (father of Giacomo; d.
1669) 32, 162
Serpotta, Giacomo (1656–1732) 15, 29, 39,
40, 41, 42, 45, 49, 51, 52, 54, 54, 60, 78,
142, 199, 200
Serpotta, Giuseppe (brother of Giacomo;
1653–1719) 40
Serpotta, Procopio (son of Giacomo; 1679–
1755) 25, 40, 44, 55
Serradifalco 236
Servile War 246, 249, 250, 435, 442
Settimo, Ruggero 53, 61
Sextus Pompey 12, 274, 435, 449
Sgarlata, Filippo (1901–79) 83
Sharp, William 402
Sibyl of Lilybaeum 152
Sicani Mountains 214
Sicans 8, 127, 165, 208, 218, 241, 272
Sicels 9, 10, 218, 236, 241, 246, 253, 263,
264, 271, 272, 274, 285, 287, 292, 306,
335, 364, 415, 435, 444
Sicilian Vespers 14, 51, 69, 119, 208, 268,
278
Siculiana 211
Silk industry 13, 16, 426, 447
Simeto nature reserve 392
Simeto river 393
Simon de Worbrecht (16C) 60
Simone da Corleone (fl. 1377–88) 43, 47
Sinatra, Vincenzo (1707–65) 299, 310, 349,
350, 351, 357
Siragusa, Antonino (16C) 85
Siragusa, Federico (18–19C) 25, 83
Skyllos, sculptor 287
Smiriglio, Mariano (1561–1636) 41, 54
Sogliani, Giovanni Antonio (1492–1544) 92
Solunto 81; (finds from) 56, 59
Sommatino 232
Sortino 363
Sozzi, Olivio (1690–1765) 28, 44, 55, 60,
272, 273, 304, 348, 353, 368, 387, 390,
414; (self-portrait) 299; (body of) 299
Spada, Mario (17–18C) 284
Spadafora 449
Spagnuolo, Pietro (17C) 327
Spain, Spanish rule 14, 348
Sperlinga 278
Spuches, Baron Corrado Arezzo de 290,
307, 308
Staccioli, Mauro (b. 1937) 461
Steinbeck, John 170, 436
Stentinello ware 8, 445
Stesichorus, poet 87
Stom, Matthias (1600–?50) 49, 54, 78, 85
Strabo 132
Straits of Messina 433
Stromboli, island of 462, 470
Sturzo, Luigi 410
Sughereta di Niscemi 243
Sughi, Alberto (b. 1928) 150
Sulphur mining 215
Sutera 234
Swabians 14, 274
Swinburne, Algernon Charles 22
Swinburne, Captain Charles Henry 206
Symaethus, Sicel town 393
Syracuse 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 306, 317ff, 356,
360
Agora 332
Altar of Hieron II 340
Aquarium 328
Arkimedeion 329
Syracuse contd
Arsenale Antico 332
Bagno Ebraico 332
Castello Eurialo 344
Castello Maniace 328
Catacombs of San Giovanni 339
Catacombs of St Lucy 333
Duomo 324
Ear of Dionysius 342, 343
Fonte Aretusa 327
Foro Siracusano 332
Fountain of Diana 329, 331
Ginnasio Romano 332
Greek theatre 341
Grotta dei Cordari 344
Latomia dei Cappuccini 340
Latomia del Filosofo 345
Latomia del Paradiso 342
Latomia di Santa Venera 344
Madonna delle Lacrime 338
Museo Archeologico 334
Museo del Cinema 330
Museo del Papiro 338
Museo dei Pupi 330
Neapolis 340
Necropoli Grotticelle 344
Ortigia 322ff
Palazzo Bellomo 328
Piazza Archimede 329
Piazza Duomo 323
Porta Marina 323
Roman amphitheatre 340
S. Benedetto 328
S. Filippo Apostolo 330
S. Filippo Neri 332
S. Francesco 330
S. Giovanni 339
S. Giovanni Battista 330
S. Lucia 333
S. Lucia alla Badia 324
S. Maria della Concezione 329
S. Maria dei Miracoli 323
S. Martino 328
S. Nicolň 340
Street of Tombs 341, 342
Syracuse contd
Temple of Apollo 322, 322
Temple of Zeus 346
Vigna Cassia 340
T
Tamburini, organmakers 429
Tancredi, Filippo (1655–1722) 25, 40, 51
Taormina 12, 250, 434–44
Tartaglio, Giacomo (18C) 121
Tassara, Giovanni Battista (1841–1916) 381
Tedeschi, Gregorio (active 1609–50) 68, 334
Tellaro, Roman villa 354
Terme Vigliatore 451
Termini Imerese 83
Terrasini 103
Testa, Giuseppe (18C) 154
Thapsos 8, 361, 364; (finds from) 334
Theocles of Naxos 444
Theron of Akragas 320
Thucydides 8, 9, 10, 342
Timoleon 10, 182, 210, 237, 239, 272, 320,
341, 377
Tindari, Madonna of 453
Tipa, Andrea (active 1725–76) 121, 124
Titian (Tiziano Vecellio; c. 1488–1576) 124
Tomaselli, Onofrio (1886–1956) 52
Tomasi di Lampedusa, Giuseppe 206, 207,
217; grave of 65
Tommaso de Vigilia (active 1444–97) 40, 48,
91, 142
Tornatore, Giuseppe 79, 211
Tortorici 457
Trapani 118–25
Trecastagni 399
Trevelyan, Florence 440, 441, 444
Trigona family 254
Tripisciano, Michele 228, 229
Triumph of Death fresco 15, 46
Trogilus 364
Troina 279
Trotilon, ancient settlement 368
Tuccari, Giovanni (1667–1743) 382, 403
Tuna fishing 167, 168, 168
Tusa 460
Tusa, Vincenzo 145, 146
Tyndaris, ancient city 453, 454
U
Ucchino, Nino (b. 1952) 447
Umile da Petralia, Fra’ (c. 1580–1639) 25,
95, 97, 100, 229, 272, 277, 280, 303, 391,
400, 449, 458; (bust of) 100
Ustica, island of 106
V
Vaccarini, Giovanni Battista (1702–67) 29,
380, 382, 386, 387, 453
Vaccaro family (19C) 49, 410, 411, 412
Valenti, Francesco (20C) 429
Valguarnera Caropepe 253
Valguarnera family 253, 271, 272
Valle dell’Anapo 361
Vallelunga Pratameno 233
Valle Oscura 233
Vandals 12, 23, 285
Vanvitelli, Luigi (1700–73) 327
Vasari, Giorgio (1511–74) 48
Vassallaggi 236
Vasta, Pier Paolo (1697–1760) 399, 405
Vazano, Gaspare (1555–1630) 96, 101, 141,
254 (see also Zoppo di Gangi)
Velasco or Velasquez, Giuseppe (1750–1827)
30, 31, 38, 52, 277, 349, 400
Vendicari nature reserve 355
Venera, St, chapel of 279
Ventimiglia family 96, 97, 142, 232
Venus Erycina 127, 132
Verga, Giovanni 384, 385, 406, 407, 413;
(monument to) 391
Vermexio, Andrea (father of Giovanni; active
1594–1643) 324
Vermexio, Giovanni (active 1618–48) 323,
327, 332, 333
Verres, praetor 12, 189, 271, 321
Via Valeria, Roman road 449
Vicari 104
Vigilante, Giovanbattista (16–17C) 79
Vignerio, Jacopo (16C) 440
Villalba 233
Villapriolo 251
Villareale, Valerio (1773–1854) 53
Villarosa 251
Villasmundo 368
Villa Vela 353
Vincenzo da Pavia (active 1495–1557) 28,
33, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 53, 55,
204
Vinci, Gaetano (1888–1964) 353
Vitaliano, Gioacchino (1669–1739) 54
Vitaliano, Vincenzo (18C) 229
Vittoria 301
Vittorini, Elio 297
Vittorio Amedeo of Savoy 23, 276
Vizzini 413
Vulcanelli di Macalube 212, 213
Vulcano, island of 470
W
Wagner, Richard 61, 208, 406
Walter of the Mill 30, 69, 71; (tomb of) 33
Weyden, Rogier van der 98, 411
Whitaker, Joseph (Pip) 61, 64, 144, 149
Wilhelm II, Kaiser 435, 440
William I (the Bad) 84, 240, 253, 256
William II 71, 79, 253; (tapestry of) 77;
(tomb of) 75
Williams, Tennessee 436, 439, 440
Wine 494–95; (Malvasia) 469; (Marsala) 147,
149
Woodhouse, John 149, 153
X
Ximenes, Ettore (1855–1926) 152, 248
Z
Zafferana Etnea 400
Zancle (Messina) 9, 87, 426
Zeuxis, artist (5C bc) 188, 325
Ziino, Vittorio (20C) 235
Zingaro Nature Reserve 135
Zoppo di Gangi 40, 43, 45, 55, 60, 79, 99,
101, 449 (see also Salerno, Giuseppe and
Vazano, Gaspare)